Author: Awais

[Submitted on 6 Jan 2026 (v1), last revised 5 Mar 2026 (this version, v2)] View a PDF of the paper titled Window-based Membership Inference Attacks Against Fine-tuned Large Language Models, by Yuetian Chen and 6 other authors View PDF HTML (experimental) Abstract:Most membership inference attacks (MIAs) against Large Language Models (LLMs) rely on global signals, like average loss, to identify training data. This approach, however, dilutes the subtle, localized signals of memorization, reducing attack effectiveness. We challenge this global-averaging paradigm, positing that membership signals are more pronounced within localized contexts. We introduce WBC (Window-Based Comparison), which exploits this insight through…

What we love: First and foremost, this is a very accurate scale, reacting to changes of a tenth of a gram. But it also has an incredibly smart design and evident high-end build quality. The Lunar is a compact scale that fits under just about any espresso maker and on any drip tray. The large digit display features a visual flow rate indicator in the form of a row of LED dots indicating grams per second. The required repeated taps on a touchscreen are not our favorite way to run through a menu. But unlike other multi-modal scales we tried,…

, we discussed AlpamayoR1 (AR1), an autonomous driving model integrating a VLM to act as a reasoning backbone. It relies on a carefully collected chain-of-causation dataset. Training on this dataset enables AR1 to “reason” in natural language to solve challenging driving situations. But what if natural language is not the best support for reasoning in driving scenarios? After all, when met with a driving situation that requires an immediate reaction, human drivers generally act reflexively rather than “reasoning in language step-by-step”. What is the alternative for driving models? In this article, we break down the LatentVLA architecture, a convincing take…

Most people fail on Reddit because they write comments like ads. Reddit eats ads for breakfast.  It’s better to follow a Reddit comment framework that has been proven thousands of times to get engagement and increase visibility and awareness.   The winning move? Be useful first, be human, then casually exist as a company. Below are 10 proven comment frameworks we see working every single day for our clients. These aren’t scripts: they’re thinking patterns. Follow the structure, swap in your context, and your comments will feel native instead of needy. When to use it: Someone is struggling or asking how…

Whether you’re planning an opulent brunch or just want to know how to make hot cross buns, you’ll find what you’re looking for in this collection of our best Easter recipes. We have timeless holiday classics—looking at you, pineapple-glazed ham—as well as fresh, seasonal dishes that highlight spring produce like asparagus, radishes, and rhubarb.Jump aheadAccordionItemContainerButtonYou’ll find a little bit of everything among our favorite Easter recipes, including recipes for brunch, dinner (heavy on the ham, lamb roasts, and showstopping vegetarian mains), a couple of drinks, and plenty of desserts. Want to dial into a specific category? Venture over to our…

Welcome to Bon Appétit Bake Club, a community of curious bakers. Each month senior Test Kitchen editors Jesse Szewczyk and Shilpa Uskokovic share a must-make recipe and dive deep on why it works. Come bake and learn with us—and don’t forget to join the Bake Club Group chat over on Substack.Anyone who has whipped up a cake before is familiar with the basic steps of mixing the batter: Cream sugar and butter, add eggs, and finish off with the dry ingredients. It works. But there’s a better way—an alternative method that produces a far more tender crumb without any additional…

In a podcast interview, Google VP of Search Liz Reid described two ways LLMs are changing what Google can index and how it ranks results for individual users. Reid told the Access Podcast that multimodal AI models now allow Google to understand audio and video content at a deeper level than was previously possible. She also pointed to a future where search results adapt based on a user’s paid subscriptions. What’s New Multimodal Understanding Is Expanding What Google Can Index Reid said LLMs being multimodal has opened up content formats that Google previously struggled to process. Reid told the hosts:…

In my latest post, I how hybrid search can be utilised to significantly improve the effectiveness of a RAG pipeline. RAG, in its basic version, using just semantic search on embeddings, can be very effective, allowing us to utilise the power of AI in our own documents. Nonetheless, semantic search, as powerful as it is, when utilised in large knowledge bases, can sometimes miss exact matches of the user’s query, even if they exist in the documents. This weakness of traditional RAG can be dealt with by adding a keyword search component in the pipeline, like BM25. In this way,…

Gluten-free desserts should be just as thrilling, delicious, and fun to eat as any other. Many desserts—like ice cream, flan, and mousse—are naturally gluten-free, and there are plenty of those below. But for cakes, cookies, and more, we often have to turn to alternative flours to replace the traditional wheat-based ingredients. Which is why it’s a good thing that grocery stores these days are bursting with all kinds of grain-free flours such as almond, coconut, and buckwheat—not to mention gluten-free flour blends that can be used as a substitute for almost any baking recipe. Several of the recipes below use…

forecasting roughly $50 billion in advertising revenue using econometrics, time-series models, and causal inference. When a senior VP asked how confident we should be in a number, I couldn’t hand them a point estimate and shrug. I had to quantify the uncertainty, trace the causal chain, and explain which assumptions would break the forecast if they turned out to be wrong. None of that work involved a Large Language Model (LLM). None of it could have. If you’re a data scientist who’s been feeling left behind by the AI wave, this article is the reframe. The skills the industry is…